了解窑炉“热工”怎样比窑炉温度更能指示出窑炉烧制的情况，是窑炉工程师必须具备的一项技能。低成本热工监控工具至今仍然是最简单和最佳的描绘窑车内烧制情况的工具。每次的高效烧制都能显著地减少在生产过程使用的能源，并大大地提高成品率。
Using the best quality raw ma-terials is also a good way to reduce waste and increase yields of best quality product. Whilst such materi-als cost more, the rejection rates are much less making them very eco-nomic.
使用优质的原材料也是一种减少生产浪费和提高一等品产量的好方法。尽管优质原材料的成本会比较高，然而使用它们却能大大减少废品率。综合比较下来，优质原料的性价比更高。
Other techniques involve in-vestment in capital plant equipment. For example using pressure casting machines a factory can increase out-put whilst reducing waste. Products are made to a much higher tolerance using advanced mould making tech-niques. Compared to plaster moulds that have a relatively short working life and then become a waste man-agement nightmare, high tech pres-sure casting moulds can be used for thousands of times. These moulds do not need drying between casts and as such reduce the need for us-ing energy for drying purposes. They use significantly less of proba-bly the most precious commodity we have – water.
其它的节能技术和方法还包括对工厂设备的投资。例如通过使用压力注浆设备，一个工厂可以在提高产量的同时减少污染。使用先进的模具生产技术，制造出来的成品就会更耐用。传统的石膏模使用寿命较短，而且还会带来一个令人头痛的废模处理问题，相对而言，高端的压力注浆模具能用成千上万次，而且无须在浇注间歇期对其进行干燥，这样就节省了原本用于干燥的能源和我们日常生活中最珍贵的资源———水。
Whilst a lot is said about re-ducing carbon footprints and CO2 emissions, water remains one of the areas of massive concern. Ceramic manufacture uses a lot of water. This is polluted as it is used. Often it will be discharged onto land and from there into watercourses creat-ing an environmental disaster. If there is one area that companies should consider investing in it is methods to deal re use water as much as possible. Collecting storing and treating water from rainfall is an economic way of reducing the con-sumption of potable water. Treating effluent before it is discharged to waste is another good way to help the environment
在人们不断强调要减少碳足迹和二氧化碳排放量的今天，水质问题仍然是大众所关注的重点问题之一。陶瓷生产需要用大量的水，而这些水一旦被用过就成了废水。通常这些废水会被排放到地面，通过地下循环进入河道水源中，造成灾难性的环境问题。如果企业要考虑在环境保护方面作投资，就应该尽可能多地投资在水质处理和循环再用的方法上。通过利用收集储存和处理后的自然降水进行生产是一种减少饮用水消耗的经济方式;而在废水排放之前对其进行合适的处理是帮助保护我们赖以生存的环境的另一好方法。
Ceramic manufacture will re-main, for the foreseeable future, a major polluting industry. Many fac-tories will not have the financial re-source to create state of the art fac-tory systems, particularly at this time. However with good under-standing of the techniques involved there is no reason why manufactur-ers cannot make a definite impact on saving the environment using no cost- low cost techniques and at the same time increasing their bottom line profitability, a real win -win sit-uation
展望未来，陶瓷生产仍然是一个主要的污染行业。特别是现在，许多工厂都缺乏经济支持来建立具有现代技术水平的工厂系统。如果在了解了节能减排方面的好方法后，厂家还不能对环境保护作出一些绝对的贡献的话，是说不过去的。更何况在使用低成本或零成本的节能技术来减少对环境影响的同时，能提高企业的底线利润，能达成真正的双赢局面。
Adrian Allen, Chairman of International Trade for NSCCI，has nearly 40 years ex-perience of dealing with pollu-tion related to heavy industries such as ceramics, steel manu-facture and coal. | “ A good quality control system is one of the most cost effective ways of reducing waste. If we consider that the cost of producing a first quality piece com-pared with a poor quality piece that will be discarded is roughly the same, it can be seen that if by careful control we e-liminate as many problems as possible and produce a higher yield of best ware we are saving money, increasing margin and reducing environmental impact” |
